isiZulu
Ukudizayina Amamojula Ekhamera e-USB Ezimo Ezinzima
Kwadalwa ngo 09.20
Ama-module ekhamera e-USB kudala eyisisebenzi esingadunyiswanga emisebenzini yokubona ngezinhlelo ezisetshenziswayo ezisemaphethelweni. Njengoba encane, engabizi kakhulu, futhi ehambisana cishe nazo zonke izinhlelo ezisetshenziswayo ezisemaphethelweni ezijwayelekile, lawa mayunithi okuthwebula izithombe asebenza ngokushesha futhi asekela uhla olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zangempela, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa endaweni yokukhiqiza, ukuzwa kwezimoto emgwaqeni, ukuzwa kwezolimo kwangaphandle, kanye nokuqoqwa kwedatha ekude ezindaweni eziphakeme. Noma kunjalo, onjiniyela basendaweni bahlala bebhekana nenselele efanayo: amakhamera e-USB ajwayelekile asebenza kahle kakhulu ezindaweni zangaphakathi ezilawulwa isimo sezulu kodwa asheshe anciphe noma ahluleke ngokuphelele lapho esetshenziswa ezindaweni zangaphandle ezinzima nezingalawulwa kanye nezindawo zezimboni.
Ama-spike omsindo we-thermal emafektri okukhiqiza ashisayo, ukufiphala kwelensi nokulahleka kwesiginali kuyaqhubeka ezindaweni ezisogwini ezinomswakama, amazinga okushisa abandayo asezintabeni avimba ukuqalisa okuvamile kwedivayisi, futhi ukudlidliza kwemishini okuqhubekayo kuxegisa izixhumi zangaphakathi ze-solder. Lezi zinkinga azizona izinkinga zokukhiqiza ezizimele. Kunalokho, ziyimikhawulo ebikezelwayo yedizayini yezinga labathengi, ebeka phambili izindleko eziphansi nokwenziwa kube kuncane kunokuqina kwemvelo kwesikhathi eside. Ukwakha amamojula ekhamera ye-USB athembekile ezindaweni ezinzima akulokothi kube ukuthuthukiswa kwehadiwe okulula. Kudinga ukuthuthukiswa kobunjiniyela okuhlelekile okuhlanganisa ukukhethwa kwezinto, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo, ukulungiswa kwesekethe, ukulinganiswa kwe-optical, kanye nokulungiswa kwe-firmware. Lesi sihloko sabelana ngezimiso zedizayini ezihlolwe ensimini ze-USB eqinile amamojula ekhamera, echaza ukuthi onjiniyela balinganisa kanjani ukusebenza okuncane, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla aphansi, kanye nokusebenza okuzinzile ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima kakhulu emhlabeni.
Iphuzu Elibuhlungu Elibalulekile: Kungani Amakhamera e-USB Ezingawele Abantu Ehluleka Ezindaweni Ezinzima
Ukuze kuklanywe amamojula ekhamera anokwethenjelwa okuphezulu ezimweni eziqile, kubalulekile ukubona umehluko oyisisekelo phakathi kwemiklamo yabathengi nemiklamo yezimboni eqinisiwe. Yonke ikhamera ye-USB yabathengi yakhelwe ngokukhethekile izindawo zangaphakathi ezizinzile, ezilawulwayo ezinamazinga okushisa angaguquguquki, umswakama omnene, ukungazinzi kwemishini, nomoya ohlanzekile. Abakhiqizi babeka phambili ukufinyeleleka, ubukhulu obuncane, nokucaca kwesithombe okuyisisekelo, ngaphandle kwendawo yobunjiniyela ebekelwe ukumelana nengcindezi yemvelo.
Lokhu kulungiselelwa kwendlela eyodwa kubangela ukwehluleka okukhulu kokusebenza ezimweni ezedlulele. Emazingeni okushisa angaphezu kuka-60°C, izinzwa ezijwayelekile ze-CMOS zikhiqiza umsinga omnyama owedlulele, okuholela emsindweni oyimbudumbudu yokushisa, ukukhiqizwa kombala okungafani, kanye namazinga amafreyimu ehla. Imibhobho yamalensi epulasitiki ebiza kancane iyakhula futhi inciphe kakhulu ngokushintsha kokushisa, okususa izindawo zokugxila futhi kubangele ukufiphala kwesithombe okungapheli. Amasekhethi aguquguqukayo asetshenziswayo abizayo kanye namajoyinti okusolda ajwayelekile awakwazi ukumelana nokuguga kwesikhathi eside emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, okuholela ekwehleni kwesiginali ngezikhathi ezithile kanye nokuxhumana okungazinzile. Ezindaweni ezingaphansi kweqanda elingaphansi kuka--20°C, ukumelana kwesekhethi kukhuphuka kakhulu, ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamandla kwehla ngokushesha, futhi amamojula amaningi abathengi ahluleka ukuqedela ukulandelana kokuqalisa okuzinzile, okubashiya bengasebenzi ngokuphelele.
Kushubisa umswakama, uthuli, kanye nezimo zokusebenza ezilimazayo kukhulisa lezi zinkinga kakhulu. Amakhasi angavaliwe asebenzisa umphakathi avumela izinhlayiya zothuli ezincane kanye nomswakama ukuthi kungene ezingxenyeni zangaphakathi, okubangela ukukhula kwesikhunta kumalensi, ukugqwala kwesekethe, kanye namaphutha okuxhumana ngokushesha okubulalayo. Emishinini ehambayo njengemishini yokwakha, ama-detector asendle aphathwayo, kanye nezinhlelo zezimoto ezihamba ezindaweni ezingezinhle, ukudlidliza okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokushaqeka okuncane kwemishini kukhathala kancane kancane ama-substrates e-PCB ajwayelekile kanye nezixhumi zokuxhumana. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kukhathala kuholela ekuqhekekeni kwebhodi, ukuxhumana okuxegayo, kanye nokuma okuphelele kwedivayisi. Lezi zinkinga ezingokwemvelo zibonisa ukuthi kuphela umklamo oqinile owenzelwe injongo onganikeza ukuthembeka kwe-24/7 okudingekayo ezinhlelweni zokubona ezimbi kakhulu zezimboni nangaphandle.
Ukuthuthukiswa Okubalulekile Kokuklanywa Kwezingxenyekazi Zekhompyutha Ukuze Kuvumelane Nezimo Eziqile
1. Ukutholakala Kwezingxenye Ezisebenza Emazingeni Okushisa Abanzi
Ukukhethwa kwezingxenye kubeka isisekelo sokuthembeka sezimo ezedlulele zama-moduli ekhamera ye-USB. Ngokungafani namadivayisi asetshenziswayo abathembela ezingxenyeni zezinga lezentengiselwano ezilinganiselwe ebangeni elincane lokusebenza lika-0°C kuya ku-50°C, amamoduli e-industrial ruggedized amukela kuphela izingxenye ezifanelekile zezimoto nezemboni ezinokuzinza okubanzi kwezinga lokushisa okuqinisekisiwe kanye nokusebenza kwesikhathi eside kokuguga.
Kuma-sensor ezithombe eziyisisekelo, sibeka phambili amamodeli alungiselelwe ngokomsebenzi ukusebenza emazingeni okushisa adlulele. Ama-sensor e-CMOS esimanje ezimbonini anikeza ukuthwebula okungaguquguquki kulo lonke ibanga lokushisa eliphelele elisuka ku--40°C kuya ku-85°C, anesakhiwo samaphikseli esilungiselelwe ukucindezela umsindo wokushisa emazingeni aphezulu nokuqeda amaphikseli afile abangelwa amandla kagesi emazingeni okushisa aphansi. Inqubo enhle kakhulu embonini ukugcina ibhafa lokushisa elingu-10% kuya ku-15% ngaphezu komkhawulo wokushisa wendawo olinganiselwe. Leli bhafa livala ukushisa kwendawo okuvela ekusebenzeni kwemojuli ngokwayo kanye namazinga okushisa angaphandle adlulele ahlangene, kuvimbele ukwehla kokusebenza ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu yokusebenza.
Wonke amaphathi aseceleni angasebenzi, okuhlanganisa ama-capacitor, ama-resistor, nama-crystal oscillator, athuthukiselwa kuma-alternative abekezelela izinga lokushisa elibanzi ukuze athathe indawo yezingxenye ezijwayelekile zomphakathi. Ama-IC okulawula amandla e-USB alinganiswe ngokwezifiso asusa ukushintshashintsha kwe-voltage ezindaweni zokushisa ezedlulele, ahlinzeka ngamandla e-voltage azinzile, angena-ripple kuyo yonke imojuli. Siphinde sisebenzise ama-substrate e-PCB ane-TG ephezulu anokuzinza okuthuthukisiwe kokushisa, agcina ukuqina kwesakhiwo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi agweme ukugoba kwebhodi, ukugqashuka kwemigqa, nokwehluleka kwesekethe okubangelwa ukuphindaphinda kokushisa.
2. Ukuvalwa Okuvalekile Ngokuphelele Kothuli Nokumelana Nomswakama
Izimo eziningi ezingaphandle kanye nezimboni ezedlulele zibonakala ngomswakama ophezulu, ukuchaphaza kwemvula, uthuli olusemoyeni, kanye nokungcola okugqwalayo, okwenza ukuvalwa kwesakhiwo kube ngenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuklama okuthuthukisiwe kumamojula ekhamera aqinile. Amakhamera e-USB avamile anefreyimu evulekile anezikhala ezingavikelwe phakathi kwamalensi, izindlu, kanye nezixhumi ze-USB, okudala imigudu engavinjelwe yokungena komswakama nothuli.
Amadizayini aqinisiwe asebenzisa uhlelo oluphelele lokuvimbela umoya namanzi. Amakhasi emojuli enziwe nge-aviation aluminium alloy eqinile noma ipulasitiki yezimboni eqinisiwe, izinto ezikhethwe ngenxa yokungagugi, ukungagqwali, nokuzinza kwesakhiwo. Zonke izihlanganisi nemifantu yokuhlanganisa zigcwaliswa ngama-silicone gaskets asebenza ekushiseni okuphezulu ne-glue yesakhiwo engangenwa ngamanzi, okwenza imojuli yonke ifinyelele izinga le-IP67 lokumelana nothuli namanzi. Leli zinga livimbela konke ukungena kothuli olucolekile futhi limelana nokucwiliswa kwamanzi kwesikhashana nokufafazwa yimvula enkulu. Ezindaweni ezisogwini ezisongelwa ukugqwala komswakama wosawoti, amakhasi afakwa i-anodization kanye nokwelashwa kwe-anti-corrosion coating ukuze amelane nokugqwala kwamakhemikhali ezakhiweni zensimbi namasekhethi avulekile.
I-optical lens assembly inesakhiwo sokuvikela esinezingqimba ezimbili. Sisebenzisa amalensi engilazi ye-optical angagqwali kalula, azinzile ekushiseni, afakwe i-nano hydrophobic kanye ne-anti-fog film. Le coating ethuthukisiwe ixosha amaconsi amanzi, uthuli, namafutha e-industriyal, igcina ukuthwebula kwesithombe okucacile phakathi kwezimvula, iqhwa, nesimo sezulu esinothuli. Iphinde ivimbele ukufiphala kwelensi nokukhula kwesikhunta samagciwane ezindaweni ezinomswakama oqhubekayo, isusa isidingo sokuhlanza ngesandla njalo ekusebenzeni okungagadiwe ubusuku nemini.
3. Ukuqiniswa Kwesakhiwo Kokudlidliza Nokumelana Nokushayiswa
Imishini yezimboni ehambayo, izimoto ezingahambi emigwaqweni, kanye nemishini yokuhlola yasendle zisebenza ngaphansi kokudlidliza okuphansi okuqhubekayo kanye nokushaywa okunamandla aphezulu ngezikhathi ezithile. Amamojula ekhamera asetshenziswa abantu asebenzisa izakhiwo zangaphakathi ezilula, eziqiniswe kancane, ezishabalala ngokushesha ngaphansi kwengcindezi enjalo eguquguqukayo, okwenza ukuqiniswa kwesakhiwo okuhlosiwe kube yinto ebalulekile emiklamo yezimo ezinzima.
Izingxenye zangaphakathi eziyisisekelo, kuhlanganise nezinzwa zezithombe namayunithi elensi, zivalwa ngomshini ngamabakaki okubeka ngokunemba futhi ziqiniswa ngeglu yesakhiwo enamandla aphezulu ukuze kuqedwe ukuhamba okuncane kanye nokudliva kwento egxilile okubangelwa ukudlidliza. I-PCB eyinhloko isebenzisa isakhiwo sokufaka esimunca ukudlidliza esintantayo, namaphedi e-silicone anciphisa umthelela afakwa phakathi kwebhodi nendlu ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi yomshini yangaphandle futhi kuvikelwe izihlanganisi zokuthambisa ezintekenteke kanye nemigqa yesekethe. Amaphuzu okuthambisa anengcindezi ephezulu enziwa ukugcwaliswa ngethini okunhancekile kanye nokushisela kabusha ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana nokukhathala komshini, kuvinjelwe ukwehluleka kokuthambisa ngesikhathi sokusebenza kokudlidliza isikhathi eside.
Isixhumi se-USB, okuyindawo eyinhloko yokucindezela kwemishini ekuxhumaneni, siqiniswa ngegobolondo langaphandle lensimbi futhi sisekela ukufakwa kwekhebula elikhiyayo. Lesi sakhiwo siqeda ngempumelelo ukuxhumana okuxegayo kanye nokulahleka kwesiginali okwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile okubangelwa ukudlidliza okuqhubekayo kanye nokucindezela kokuxhuma. Amamojula athuthukiswe ngokugcwele adlula ngokuzinza izivivinyo zomthelela wemishini we-IK10 kanye nokujikeleza kokudlidliza okubanzi okwandisiwe, ahlangabezana nezindinganiso eziqinile zokuqina kwemishini yezinhlelo zokubona ezimbonini ezihambayo.
Ukulungiselelwa Okuguquguqukayo Kwezokubona Ne-Firmware Ezimweni Ezinzima
Ukuqina kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha kanye nokwakheka kwesakhiwo kuxazulula kuphela izingozi zokwehluleka ngokomzimba. Ukuze kugcinwe izinga lokuthwebula izithombe elingaguquguquki futhi eliphezulu kakhulu emazingeni okushisa aphakeme nasezindaweni ezinzima, ukulungiswa okukhethekile kwezamehlo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwefirmware ehlakaniphile kubalulekile. Lezi zinguquko ezilawulwa yisoftware ezenza ukuzivumelanisa nezimo ziyisihluthulelo esihlukanisa amamojula aqinile asezingeni eliphezulu kumayunithi asetshenziswa abathengi abashintshiwe ngokukha phezulu.
1. Ukulungiswa Kwezamehlo Kwamaphoyinti Amaningi Okushisa
Ukushintshashintsha kokushisa kubangela ukwanda nokuncipha okuncane kwe-thermal expansion kanye nokufinyela kwemigqomo yamalensi kanye nezingxenye zamehlo, okuholela ekusheleleni kobude bokugxila kanye nokungagxili kahle kwesithombe kancane kancane. Le nkinga ecashile kodwa esabalele ayilungiswanga nhlobo emiklamweni yamakhamera abathengi, okuholela ekuqopheni okufiphele, okungasetshenziswa ngemuva kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kwendawo.
Ukwakhiwa kwemojuli eqinile kunciphisa le nkinga ngokusebenzisa izinto zokubona ezinokwanda okuncane kokushisa kumalensi nemibhobho, kunciphisa ukushintsha kokugxila okubangelwa izinga lokushisa. Yonke iyunithi ihlolwa efektri kulo lonke izinga lokushisa elisuka ku--40°C kuya ku-85°C, ngokulungiswa kokugxila okunembile ngesandla kanye nokurekhodwa kwemingcele emaphoyintini amaningi ahlukene okushisa. Kuhlangene ne-algorithimu yokunxephezela ukugxila kwefirmware eguquguqukayo, imojuli ilungisa ngokuzenzakalela imingcele yokulinganisa yokubona ngesikhathi sangempela ngokusekelwe ekufundweni kwangaphakathi kokushisa, inikeza ukugxila okubukhali ngokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokulungiswa kabusha ngesandla kulo lonke uhla lokushisa olusebenzayo.
2. Ukulungiswa Kwefirmware Ehlakaniphile Ukuze Kuncishiswe Umsindo Nokunemba Kombala
Amazinga okushisa adlulele adala ama-artifact wokuthwebula ahlukile: ukushisa okuphezulu kukhulisa i-dark current yenzwa kanye nomsindo wamaphikseli okungahleliwe, kuyilapho amazinga okushisa abandayo enciphisa ukusabela kokuthwebula ukukhanya futhi kuhlanekezela ukukhiqizwa kombala. Ama-algorithm e-firmware enzelwe ngokukhethekile ayenzelwe ukulwa nalokhu kukhubazeka okuncike ezingeni lokushisa nokugcina ukusebenza okufanayo kokubonwayo.
Uhlelo lokunciphisa umsindo oluzivumelanayo lushintsha ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla okucubungula ngokuya ngemininingwane yesikhathi sangempela yezinga lokushisa lenzwa. Licindezela umsindo oshisayo wezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngokuphelele kuyilapho ligcina imininingwane emihle yesithombe, futhi lenyusa ukuzwela kokukhanya okuphansi emazingeni okushisa aphansi ukuze likhuphule ukukhanya nokufana kwesithombe jikelele. Amaphrofayili okulinganisa okumhlophe kanye nokulungisa umbala wamazinga okushisa amaningi ahlelwa kusengaphambili kufirmware, okuvumela ukulungiswa okuzenzakalelayo kokuchezuka kombala ezindaweni ezishisayo nezibandayo ukuze kugcinwe ukunemba kombala okwemvelo nokungaguquguquki.
Ukuze kusekelwe ukusebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokunakekelwa, i-firmware ihlanganisa indlela ephelele yokuziqapha nokuzilulama ngokuzenzakalela. Imojuli ihlala ithatha amasampula edatha yokushisa kwangaphakathi, i-voltage yokunikeza amandla, nokuzinza kwesiginali ngesikhathi sokusebenza, futhi ilungise ngokuzenzakalela izinto ezingavamile ezincane njengokushintshashintsha kwezinga lamafreyimu nokubambezeleka kwesiginali. Lokhu kuzinzisa okusebenzayo kugwema ukuwa kwesistimu nokuphazamiseka kokuthwebula izithombe okubangelwa ukuguga kokusebenza isikhathi eside, okuvumela ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile kosuku lonke ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka ezindaweni ezikude nezimbi.
Izindinganiso Zokuqinisekisa Eziqinile Zokulingisa Indawo Ezungezile
Ukuthuthukiswa komklamo okuhlosiwe kudinga ukuhlolwa okuqinile okujwayelekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza ezimweni ezidlulele zangempela. Ngokungafani namakhamera abathengi ancike ekuhlolweni kokusampula okungahleliwe, wonke amamojula ekhamera ye-USB eqinile yezimo ezidlulele ahlolwa ngokuphelele nge-100% kuzilinganiso ezibalulekile zokuqina kwemvelo ngaphambi kokuthunyelwa efektri.
Ukuhlolwa kokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa kuqhubeka ngokuqhubekayo amahora angu-240, kushintshana phakathi kokuqandisa okujulile kuka--40°C nokushisa okuphezulu kuka-85°C ukuqinisekisa ubuqotho besakhiwo, ukuzinza kokubona, nokuthembeka kwe-elekthroniki ngaphansi kokushaqeka kwezinga lokushisa okwedlulele okuphindaphindiwe. Ukuhlolwa kokuguga kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nomswakama ophezulu kuthatha amahora angu-168 ku-60°C kanye ne-90% yomswakama ohlobene, kuhlunga izingozi ezifihliwe zokungena komswakama, ukugqwala kwesekethe, kanye nokwehla kwezinto.
Ukuhlolwa kokudlidliza okwenziwe ngokwezifiso kanye nokushaywa komthelela kulingisa ingcindezi yemishini yangempela yezimo zokwakha, ezimoto, kanye nezindawo zasendle, kufaka phakathi ukudlidliza okungahleliwe kuzo zonke izinhlangothi kanye nomthelela wemishini olinganiselwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kokuma kwezingxenye kanye nokuqina kokuhlangana kwe-solder. Ukuhlolwa okungeziwe kwe-salt spray, ukungena kothuli, kanye nokucwiliswa emanzini okuvimbela amanzi kwenziwa ezimweni zokusetshenziswa zasogwini, ehlane, kanye nezindawo ezivulekile, kuqinisekiswa ukuzivumelanisa nokuhlangabezana nezimo zemvelo okuphelele.
Izicelo Zangempela Zama-Moduli Ekhamera Ye-USB Ezimweni Ezinzima
Amamoduli ekhamera ye-USB aqinisiwe akhombise ukuthembeka okuzinzile kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezicelo ezinzima ezisematheni. Ekukhiqizeni kwezimboni, asekela ukuqapha kwesithando somlilo esinamazinga okushisa aphezulu, ukuhlolwa kwekhwalithi yasemsebenzini ogcwele uthuli, kanye nempendulo yombono yomugqa wokukhiqiza ozenzakalelayo, akwazi ukumelana nokushisa okuqhubekayo, ukungcola kwezinhlayiyana, kanye nokudlidliza kwemishini.
Emkhakheni wezimo zasendle, lawa mamojula anika amandla ukuqapha kwesimo sezulu kwezolimo, ukuqapha ukugwema umlilo emahlathini, kanye nokwenza amamephu ezindawo eziphakeme, egcina ukuthwebula kwezithombe okuzinzile phakathi nokushisa okwedlulele, amakhaza abandayo, imimoya enamandla, kanye nezulu elinamandla. Ezinhlelweni zezimoto ezihambayo kanye nezinsimbi zobunjiniyela, zisebenza njengamathuluzi okuqonda okubonakalayo aqinile, amelana nokudlidliza okuqhubekayo kanye nokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa okusheshayo ukuze zinikeze idatha yokuqapha engaguquki yezinhlelo zokuphepha kwezimoto kanye nokuzenzakalela kwemishini.
Lezi zimo zokusetshenziswa kwezimboni nangaphandle zivumela ukungabi nakho ukuphazamiseka okungalindelekile. Ukuklama okuhlelekile kwezimo ezedlulele kuqeda ukuwohloka okungazelelwe kwesistimu yokubona, kunciphisa kakhulu imvamisa yokulungisa endaweni kanye nezindleko zokushintsha imishini kuyilapho kuthuthukisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza kwesistimu yokubona emaphethelweni.
Isiphetho
Ukuklama amamojula ekhamera ye-USB ezimweni zokusebenza ezinzima kuwumsebenzi wobunjiniyela onembayo olinganisela ukuqina kwesakhiwo, ukungaguquguquki kokubona, kanye nokuzinza kwesoftware yesikhathi eside. Lokhu kushiya indlela yokuklama egxile ezindleko zokuqala yezingxenyekazi zokuthwebula zomsebenzisi, kubeke phambili ukuzivumelanisa nemvelo nokuthembeka kokusebenza ngaphezu kwakho konke okunye. Ngokukhetha izingxenye zobuchwepheshe zokushisa okubanzi ngokwesayensi, izakhiwo zokuvikela ezivalwe ngokuphelele, ukuqiniswa kokudlidliza kwemishini, ukunxephezela ukushisa kokubona okuguquguqukayo, kanye nokuqiniswa kwefirmware ehlakaniphile, amamojula aqinile ephula imikhawulo yemvelo yobuchwepheshe bekhamera ye-USB evamile.
Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokubona emaphethelweni buqhubeka nokwanda ezindaweni ezikude, ezimbonini, kanye nezimo zokuhamba, isidingo semakethe samahardware ekhamera akwazi ukumelana nemvelo sizoqhubeka nokukhula. Ukuklanywa okucolisisiwe kwezimo ezinzima kanye nokuqinisekiswa kokusebenza okuqinile kuhlala kuyisisekelo sezixazululo zokubona ezimbonini ezinokwethenjelwa, kulethwe amamojula ekhamera e-USB ahlala isikhathi eside, asebenza kahle ukuze asebenze ezindaweni zokusebenza zangempela eziyinselele kakhulu.
Uxhumane
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