isiZulu
Imakethe ye-module yekhamera: ukugxila nokwakha okusha kuqhutshwa
Kwadalwa ngo 2025.12.16
Isingeniso: I-ecosystem ye-Camera Module ekhula ngokushesha
Imaketheka ye-moduli yekhamera emhlabeni jikelele ikwi-trajectory yokukhula okukhulu, eqhutshwa ukwanda kokufuna emikhiqizweni yokusetshenziswa, ezinhlelweni zokuxhasa abashayeli ezithuthukisiwe (ADAS), kanye ne-IoT yezimboni. Ngokwe-Grand View Research, usayizi wemakethe ufike ku-428.6 billion ngo-2024 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi wandiswe nge-CAGR engu-8.5% kusukela ngo-2025 kuya ku-2030, ufinyelele ku-689.3 billion ekupheleni kwalesi sikhathi. Yini eholela kulokhu kukhula? Ama-smartphone anama-multi-camera setups angu-48MP+, izimoto ezizimele ezidinga ama-camera angu-8+ ngempela, kanye nezinsiza ze-IoT ezinamandla e-AI (isb., amakhamera okuvikela akhanyayo, amathuluzi okuhlola ezimbonini) yizinto eziyinhloko ezisheshisa lokhu.
Ngaphandle kwezinye izinkalo zobuchwepheshe, iikhamera moduleimakethe ingavunyelwe umdlali "owinile-thatha-konke" oyedwa. Kunalokho, kuyindawo ehlukanisiwe lapho ukhethelwa khona ubukhosi: izinkampani zenza kahle ezindaweni ezithile, zisebenzisa amandla akhethekile ezobuchwepheshe ukuze zithole imakethe ezincane. Ngezansi, sithatha izigaba ezibalulekile ezintathu—ezokuxhumana, ezimoto, kanye ne-IoT/ezimbonini—ndawonye nezishintshayo ezivela phambili ezichaza kabusha imboni.
1. Abaholi beMojula yeKhamera yeSikhulumi: Ukuchaza Kabusha Ukuthwebula Izithombe ngefoni ephathekayo
Ama-smartphone asaqhubeka nokuba yimakethe enkulu yamamojula wekhamera, abamba ~65% yemfuneko yomhlaba wonke ngo-2024. Abadlali abakhulu lapha baphikisana ngokuqina kwe-pixel, ikhwalithi ye-lens, i-optical zoom, kanye nokunciphisa usayizi—konke lokhu kwenzeka ngenkathi behlangabezana nezindleko eziqinile nezidingo zamandla.
Largan Precision (Taiwan)
Njengomholi ongaphikiswa emkhakheni wezithombe ze-smartphone ezisezingeni eliphezulu, i-Largan Precision ihlinzeka i-Apple (uchungechunge lwe-iPhone 15/16) kanye ne-Samsung (Galaxy S24 Ultra) ngezibuko zayo ze-7P/8P ezingenamkhawulo. Le nkampani inengxenye engu-35% yemakethe yezibuko ezisezingeni eliphezulu emhlabeni futhi iyinsiza eyodwa kuphela yezibuko ze-5x optical zoom ze-Apple. Ngo-2024, i-Largan yatshala u-$200 million ekwandiseni amandla okukhiqiza ezibukweni ze-9P, ihlosiwe ezithombeni ezine-100MP+ ezizobekwa kumaflegi ka-2025. Umkhawulo wayo wokuncintisana uhleleke ekwenzeni kahle: Izibuko ze-Largan zinephutha lesikhumba elingaphansi kwe-0.1 micrometers, okubalulekile ekwehliseni ukungahambi kahle ezithombeni ezinezinga eliphezulu kakhulu.
Sunny Optical (China)
Sunny Optical iyinkampani yesibili enkulu emhlabeni yokukhiqiza amamojula wemakhamera ephathekayo, enesabelo semakethe esingu-19% emhlabeni ngo-2024. Ngokwehlukile kuLargan, inikeza izixazululo eziphelele (ama-lenses + ama-sensors + amamojula) futhi ibusa ingxenye ye-Android ephakathi naphakathi ne-high-end, ihlinzeka iHuawei, iXiaomi, kanye neOppo. Ukuqhamuka kwenkampani kubuchwepheshe bama-lenses e-periscope (5x-10x optical zoom) kwenze kube yintandokazi phakathi kwemikhiqizo ye-smartphone yaseShayina. Ngo-2024, ukuthunyelwa kwamamojula ephathekayo kaSunny kukhule ngo-22% ngonyaka, kukhuthazwa ukufunwa kwamamojula akhe wekhamera ngaphansi kwesikrini (UDCM)—ubuchwepheshe obususa umgqa wekhamera yangaphambili. USunny uphinde uhola ekusebenzeni kahle kwezindleko, ukhiqiza amamojula ngamanani aphansi ngo-15-20% uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbangi ngenkathi kugcinwa ikhwalithi.
AAC Technologies (China)
AAC Technologies iyinkanyezi ekhula, egxile kumamojula wekhamera "onke-kumunye" ahlanganiswe nezikhwama zomlomo (zokugxila) nezinhlelo zokuphendula ezithintekayo. Iphatha ingxenye yemakethe yomhlaba engu-12% futhi ibala i-Google (Pixel 8) ne-OnePlus phakathi kwabathengi bayo. Iphuzu eliyingqayizivele le-AAC ukuhlanganiswa kwayo okujolile: ikhiqiza izingxenye ezibalulekile (ama-lenses, ama-motors, ama-sensors) ngaphakathi, yehlisa isikhathi sokuhola ngama-30% uma kuqhathaniswa nabancintisana nabo. Ngo-2024, le nkampani yethule umojula wesensori ongu-1-inch (owawukhethekile kumakhamera ochwepheshe) we-Xiaomi’s Ultra flagship, ibonisa ushintsho oluya ekuthwebuleni izithombe ze-smartphone "ezisezingeni le-pro".
2. Abadlali Abakhulu Be-Automotive Camera Module: Ukuphakela Ukuhamba Okuzimele
Ingxenye yezimoto iyimakethe ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu yeziqukathi zamakhamera, enokukhula okuphakathi kweminyaka (CAGR) okungu-16.2% (2024-2030) okuhamba phambili ngenxa yokwamukelwa kwe-ADAS kanye nezimoto ezizimele (AV). Izikhumbuzo zamakhamera ezimotweni zidinga izincazelo ezihlukile kakhulu kunezinguqulo eziphathwayo: ukwethembeka okuphezulu (-40°C kuya ku-85°C ibanga lokusebenza), ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphansi, kanye nokuhambisana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kokusebenza kwe-ISO 26262.
Sunny Optical (China) – Umphakathi Omkhulu Wezindawo Ezingafani
Sunny Optical usuphumelele ukwandisa ukusuka kumakhalekhukhwini uye ezimotweni, uba umphakeli wesithombe semojuli yezimoto wesithathu emhlabeni onemakethe engu-14% ngo-2024. Imojuli zayo zezimoto zisetshenziswa ezicini ze-ADAS ezifana nokusiza ukugcina umgwaqo (LKA) kanye nokumisa ngokushesha okuzenzakalelayo (AEB) ngamakhasimende afana neTesla, iVolkswagen, kanye neGeely. Izinzuzo zeSunny zikhona ekutheni inobuchwepheshe bokwakha izithombe: amakhamera ayo anobubanzi obukhulu (120° indawo yokubona) anciphisa izindawo ezingenakubona, kanti imojuli zayo zokuthwebula izithombe ezishisayo (zokuhamba ebusuku) ziba ne-25% yokwaziswa kakhulu kunezimbangi. Ngo-2024, imali engenayo yemojuli zezimoto zenkampani ikhuphuke ngo-58% ngonyaka, futhi ihlela ukutshala u-$500 million endaweni entsha yokukhiqiza egxile kumakhamera e-AV-grade 4K.
Valeo (France)
IValeo ungumholi waseYurophu emamodules wekhamera yezimoto, enesabelo semakethe esingu-17% emhlabeni jikelele. Isebenza ngezixazululo "zekhamera ezihlakaniphile" ezihlanganiswe nama-processor e-AI, okuvumela ukutholwa kwezinto ngesikhathi sangempela (abantu, abakhweli bezithuthuthu, izimpawu zomgwaqo) ezimotweni ezizimele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele zezipele 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onsemi (U.S.)
onsemi (eyayaziwa ngaphambili njenge-ON Semiconductor) iyahluka ekuhlanganiseni izinzwa zezithombe kanye nezimodyuli zekhamera zokusebenza kwezimoto. Iphatha u-21% wabelana emakethe yezinzwa zezithombe zezimoto emhlabeni jikelele futhi ihlinzeka ngemodyuli kuFord, General Motors, naseToyota. I-sensor ye-onsemi AR0823AT (esetshenziswa kumodyuli zayo) inikeza isixazululo se-8MP kanye nokusebenza kwe-HDR (ububanzi obuphezulu bokunyakaza), okufaneleka ezimeni zokukhanya ezinzima. Ukuthengwa kwamuva kwenkampani kwe-GT Advanced Technologies kuqinise isikhundla sayo kumalensi e-sapphire, angcono ekumelana nokuguga kune-glass ejwayelekile—okuyisidingo esiyinhloko kumakhamera ezimoto zangaphandle.
3. Abaholi be-IoT & Imodyuli yeKhamera Yezimboni: Ukuvumela Uhlelo Oluhlakaniphile
Ingxenye ye-IoT/yezimboni igqugquzelwa ukufunwa kwemakhamera ezokuphepha ezihlakaniphile, amathuluzi okuhlola ezimboni, kanye nezinsiza zokubheka ezolimo. Abadlali abakhulu lapha bagxila ekwakhekeni okuqinile, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, kanye nokuhlanganiswa ne-AI/edge computing.
Basler (Germany)
Basler ungumholi womhlaba emamoduli wezithombe zezimboni, enesabelo semakethe esingu-19% ngo-2024. Imamoduli yayo isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni (ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi), ezokuthutha (ukuhlola amabhakede), nasezempilweni (ukuthwebula izithombe zezokwelapha). Amandla eBasler akhona ekuthwebuleni izithombe ngesivinini esiphezulu (ukuze kufike kumashumi ayisithupha emizuzwana) kanye nokuhambisana nesofthiwe yokubona imishini (isb., Halcon, OpenCV). Imigqa yemamoduli ye "ace 2" yenkampani ibonisa ama-sensors e-Sony’s Pregius S, anikeza isixazululo se-24MP kanye noise ephansi—okubalulekile ekutholeni amaphutha amancane ezakhiweni ze-elekthronikhi. I-Basler iphinde inikeze izixazululo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezimbonini ezithile, ezifana nokucutshungulwa kokudla (imoduli ezingangeni manzi) kanye nezindiza (designs eziphikisana nokushayisana).
Axis Communications (Sweden)
I- Axis Communications ibusa emakethe ye-smart security camera module, ineshare ye-23% emhlabeni jikelele. Imodyuli zayo zifakwe kumakhamera e-IP asetshenziswa ezikhumulweni zezindiza, ezitolo zokuthenga, nasezindaweni smart. I-inoveli eyinhloko ye-Axis "Edge AI"—ukufaka ama-algorithms wokufunda kwemishini ngqo emodulini, okuvumela ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela (isb. ukubala abantu, ukuthola ukuhlasela) ngaphandle kokuthembela kumaseva e-cloud. Imodyuli yakamuva ye-Axis "M3116-L" inensimu ye-5MP kanye nokuthwebula okushisayo okwakhiwe ngaphakathi, okwenza ifaneleke kahle ekuhloleni okungama-24/7. I-Axis ibambisana ne-Microsoft Azure ukuhlinzeka ngesisombululo esixhunyiwe ku-cloud, ihlanganisa ukucubungula kudivayisi nokuphathwa kude.
Hikvision (China)
IHikvision iyinhlangano enamandla emakethe ye-mid-to-low-end IoT camera module, enesabelo se-27% emhlabeni jikelele. Iphakela amamojula kumamaki wezokuphepha abathengi (isb., Ring, Eufy) kanye nezinkampani zezimboni, inikeza izixazululo ezisebenzayo ngezici eziyisisekelo ze-AI (ukutholwa kokunyakaza, ukuqashelwa kobuso). Amamojula eHikvision aziwa ngokusebenza kahle kwamandla—amamojula ayo e-IoT aphathwayo angasebenza iminyaka engu-2 ngokuqhuba okukodwa. Ngonyaka ka-2024, le nkampani yethule i-4K AI module enokuhlukaniswa kwezinto okwakhiwe ngaphakathi (ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwabantu, izimoto, nezilwane), igxile ezindaweni zokuhlala ezihlakaniphile kanye nezinkampani ezincane.
4. Abasunguli Abasha: Ukuphula Imakethe Ngobuchwepheshe Obusha
Ngaphandle kwabadlali abaqinile, izinkampani ezikhulayo zishintsha umfanekiso wesigaba semojula yekhamera ngezobuchwepheshe obuphumelelayo njenge-Time-of-Flight (ToF), imifanekiso esekelwe emicimbini, kanye nezinsiza ezincane.
Infineon Technologies (Germany)
I-Infineon iyinhloko emkhakheni wezikhala ze-ToF, ezisebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-infrared ukukala ibanga—okubalulekile ekutholeni okuthathu (3D) kumafoni (face ID), ama-headset e-AR/VR, kanye nombono wezobuchwepheshe. I-"REAL3" ToF modules ye-Infineon isetshenziswa ochungechungeni lwe-Samsung Galaxy S24 kanye ne-Microsoft HoloLens 2. Izikhala ze-Infineon zinikeza isixazululo se-160x120 kanye ne-95° indawo yokubona, ngokunembileku ngaphakathi kuka-2% kumamitha amabili. Ngonyaka ka-2024, le nkampani yethule isikhala se-ToF esincane (10x10mm) sokugqokwa, ivula amathuba amasha kumawatch smart kanye nezikhumbuzo zokuzivocavoca.
Prophesee (France)
Prophesee iyinhlangano ehamba phambili emkhakheni wezinsiza zokubuka ezisekelwe emicimbini, ubuchwepheshe obubamba kuphela izinguquko endaweni (isb. ukuhamba, ukwehluka kokukhanya) esikhundleni sokubamba izithombe eziphelele. Lokhu kunciphisa ukucubungula idatha ngama-90% futhi kuvumela ukubonwa okuphansi kakhulu (1 microsecond)—okufaneleka kakhulu kumarobhothi ezimboni nakuma-drone azimele. I-module ye-Prophesee ethi "EVK4" inensiza yezenzakalo ye-640x480 futhi isetshenziswa yi-Amazon Robotics ukuze kwenziwe ngokuzenzakalelayo ezitolo. Le nkampani isanda kuthola u-$100 million emalini ye-Series D ukuze ikhulise ukukhiqiza, ihlose ukuthola ingxenye engu-5% yemakethe ye-module yekhamera yezimboni ngonyaka ka-2026.
STMicroelectronics (Switzerland)
I-STMicroelectronics ixhumanisa umehluko phakathi kwezinsiza zokuhlola nezimodyuli ngepulatifomu yayo ethi "Smart Camera", ehlanganisa izinsiza zokuthwebula izithombe, ama-prosesa e-AI, kanye nokuxhumana (i-Wi-Fi/i-Bluetooth) kube yimodyuli eyodwa. Izimodyuli zayo zisetshenziswa ekuthengiseni okuhlakaniphile (ukuhlola izitsha) nasekulimeni okuhlakaniphile (uhlolo lwezempilo yezitshalo). Izinzuzo ze-STMicroelectronics zikhona ekwakhiweni kwayo okuphansi kwamandla—izimodyuli zisebenzisa u-50% amandla amancane kunezimbangi, okwenza zibe ezifanele kumadivayisi e-IoT aphakelwa ngogesi.
Imakethe Ijolise & Ukubheka Kwekusasa
Imakethe ye-module yekhamera iyashintsha ngokushesha, kunezindlela ezintathu ezisemqoka eziyakhayo umkhakha wokuncintisana:
1. Ukuhlanganiswa Okuphakeme: Abaholi abafana noSunny Optical kanye no-onsemi bahlanganisa ukukhiqizwa kwezinsiza, amagalasi, kanye nemodyuli ukuze banciphise izindleko futhi bathuthukise ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi. Le mikhuba icindezela abadlali abancane abangenayo isikali.
2. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI: Amamojula ekhamera awasasebenzi nje kuphela njenge "izinsiza zokuthwebula izithombe"—seziqala ukuba "izinzwa ezihlakaniphile" ezine-AI efakwe ngaphakathi. Izinkampani ezifana ne-Axis Communications ne-STMicroelectronics zihola lesi sishintsho, zivumela ukuhlaziywa kwesikhathi sangempela emaphethelweni.
3. Ukukhula Kwezigaba Ezingafani: Abadlali abagxile kumafoni (isb., iSunny Optical) bakhula baye emkhakheni wezimoto nase-IoT, kanti abaholi bezimoto (isb., iValeo) bangena ezinhlelweni zezimboni. Le ndawo yokuhlukahluka inciphisa ukuthembela emakethe eyodwa.
Bheka phambili, imikhakha yezimoto ne-IoT izoholela ekukhuleni okuningi, lapho ama-ADAS kanye nezinhlelo zedolobha ezihlakaniphile zakha izigidigidi zedemand. Abadlali abakhulu abangakwazi ukuhlela ubuchwepheshe obusha (isb., ToF, imifanekiso esekelwe emicimbini) ngokusebenza kahle kwezindleko bazophumelela, kanti abashintshi abancane bazothola amathuba aphezulu emargin ezinhlelweni ezikhethekile.
Isiphetho
Imaketheka ye-module yekhamera iyindawo eshintshashintshayo lapho ukugxila, ukusungula, nokuhlanganiswa okujolile kuyizihluthulelo zempumelelo. Kusukela kumalensi we-smartphone aphezulu we-Largan Precision kuya kumamojula ezokuphepha we-Valeo kanye nezixazululo zokuthwebula zezimboni ze-Basler, umphakathi ngamunye uletha amandla ahlukile etafuleni. Njengoba isidingo samakhamera anokusebenza okuphezulu, akwaziwa nge-AI sikhula ezindaweni ezahlukene, laba badlali ababalulekile—kanye nezinsungulo ezisheshayo—bazokwenza ukuqhubeka nokwakha indlela esithwebula, sihlaziya, futhi sithathe izinyathelo ngemininingwane ebonakalayo eminyakeni ezayo.
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