isiZulu
Isidingo seMojula yeKhamera Embonini Yezimoto: Amandla Okushayela, Iziqondiso Zemboni, kanye Nokubheka Kwesikhathi Esizayo
Kwadalwa ngo 10.23
Imboni yezimoto ibhekene nokuguqulwa okukhulu, lapho ubuhlakani nokuxhumana kuvela njengemigqa eyisisekelo yokwakha. Phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekile eziqhakambisa le shintsho, amamojula wekhamera athuthuke ukusuka ezinsizakusebenza ezincane abe yizinto ezibalulekile, ekhuthaza ukukhula kokufuna emakethe yomhlaba. Kusukela ekuvumeleleni usizo lokupaka oluyisisekelo kuya ekusekeleni imisebenzi ethuthukile yokushayela ngokuzimela, amamojula wekhamera ezimoto aphinde ahlaziye ukuphepha kwemoto, ukusebenza, kanye nesipiliyoni somsebenzisi. Le ndatshana ihlola izizathu eziqhuba ukukhula kokufuna, izimo zamanje zemakethe, ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe, kanye nomkhondo wesikhathi esizayo.amamojula ekhameraemkhakheni wezokuthutha.
1. Izizathu Eziyinhloko Zokukhula Kwezidingo Zezithombe
1.1 Ukukhula Kwezinhlelo Zokwesekwa Kwezinjini Zokushayela (ADAS)
ADAS sebecame umphumela ophawulekayo ekukhuleni kwesidingo semojula yekhamera. Izimoto zesimanje zisebenzisa inethiwekhi yezinzwa ukuze ziqonde imvelo ezungezile, futhi imojula yekhamera inikeza isixazululo esisebenzayo, esinokuhluka okuphezulu sokuthola izinto, imikhawulo ye-lane, abahamba ngezinyawo, nezimpawu zomgwaqo. Izici ezifana nokulawula ukuhamba okushintshashintshayo (ACC), isixwayiso sokuhamba ngaphandle kwe-lane (LDW), ukuhamba okuphuthumayo okuzenzakalelayo (AEB), kanye nokubheka izindawo ezivulekile (BSM) konke kuncike kumojula yekhamera ebheke phambili, eceleni, noma emuva. Ngokusho kombiko weMarkets and Markets, imakethe ye-ADAS emhlabeni jikelele ilindeleke ukufinyelela ku-$175.6 billion ngonyaka ka-2029, enokukhula okuphindaphindiwe konyaka (CAGR) ka-12.3% kusukela ku-2024 kuya ku-2029. Njengoba ukungena kwe-ADAS kukhula—ngisho nasezimotweni ezisezingeni lokungena kanye nezaphakathi—inani lemojula yekhamera ngempela likhuphuka kakhulu, ngokuvamile lisuka kumojula ezi-2–3 ezinhlelweni eziyisisekelo laya ku-8–12 ezinhlelweni ze-ADAS ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
1.2 Ukuphushwa Kwezinga Eliphezulu Lokuzimela
Umjaho wokuthuthukisa izimoto ezizimele (AVs) ungomunye wemikhawulo emikhulu. Izinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele (L1 kuya ku-L5) zidinga ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola obuphindaphindiwe nobuhlukahlukene, futhi amamojula kamera asebenza ngokubambisana ne-LiDAR, i-radar, kanye nezinsiza ze-ultrasonic ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele yemvelo. Isibonelo, izimoto ezizimele ze-L3 ngokuvamile zihlanganisa amamojula amaningi akhamera aphezulu (HD) ukuze ziqoqe ulwazi lwesimo sezindlela ngesikhathi sangempela, kanti izimoto ze-L4 ne-L5 zingase zisebenzise amamojula akhamera angama-20 noma ngaphezulu ukuze ziqinisekise ukuhlanganiswa kweziqu zendawo ezingu-360 degrees. Abakhiqizi bezimoto abahamba phambili kanye nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe, kuhlanganise ne-Tesla, i-Waymo, kanye ne-Cruise, batshala imali enkulu ezinhlelweni zokubona ezisekelwe kumakhamera, njengoba zinikeza amandla aphezulu okukhomba izithombe abalulekile ezinhlelweni zokwenza izinqumo. Njengoba izinqubo zokulawula ze-AV ziqhubeka nokuthuthuka kancane kancane ezindaweni ezifana neNyakatho Melika, eYurophu, nase-Asia, isidingo samamojula akhamera aphezulu—njenge-8MP kanye ne-12MP HD modules—sizosheshisa.
1.3 Imigomo Yokuphepha Eqinile Emhlabeni Jikelele
Uhulumeni kanye nezikhungo zok regulation zifuna izinga eliqinile lokuphepha, okukhuthaza ngqo ukwamukelwa kwemamojula yekhamera. Isibonelo, umthetho jikelele wezokuphepha we-European Union (GSR) ufunwa ukuthi izimoto ezintsha zifakwe i-AEB, i-LDW, kanye nezinhlelo zokuthola abantu abahamba ngezinyawo—zonke lezi zixhomeke kumamojula yekhamera—ngaphambi kuka-2024. Ngokufanayo, i-U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) iphakamise imithetho ezokwenza i-AEB kanye ne-lane-keeping assist (LKA) kube yimpoqo ezimotweni ezincane. E-Asia, amazwe afana neChina neJapan aseke wathumela imithetho efanayo yokunciphisa izingozi zomgwaqo. Lezi zidingo azigcini ezimotweni ezintsha; izifunda eziningi zikhuthaza futhi ukulungiswa kwemodeli ezindala ngezici eziyisisekelo ze-ADAS, okwandisa kakhulu imakethe ethintwayo yemamojula yekhamera.
1.4 Ukukhula Kwezidingo Zamakhasimende Zezimoto Ezihlakaniphile Nezixhunyiwe
Namuhla, abathengi baphakamisa kakhulu ukuphepha kwemoto, induduzo, kanye nokuxhumana. Ama-module wekhamera adlala indima ebalulekile ekunikezeni izici ezihlakaniphile ezifana namakhamera okupaka angama-360-degree, izinhlelo zokubheka abashayeli (DMS), kanye nokuzijabulisa ngaphakathi kwemoto. I-DMS, esebenzisa ama-module wekhamera ye-infrared ukuze ibone ukuhamba komshayeli noma ukuphazamiseka, seye yaba iphuzu lokuthengisa ezimotweni ezisezingeni eliphezulu futhi manje isiqala ukufinyelela kumamodeli aphakathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-module wekhamera ngaphakathi kwemoto avumela izici ezifana nokulawulwa kwezitho, ukuqashelwa kobuso ukuze kufinyelelwe emotweni, kanye nokubheka abagibeli—kwandisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi jikelele. Ucwaningo olwenziwe yi-J.D. Power luthole ukuthi u-65% wabathengi bezimoto ezintsha bacabanga ukuthi izici ze-ADAS "zibalulekile kakhulu," kanti izinhlelo ezisekelwe kukhamera zihlala phakathi kwezobuchwepheshe ezifunwa kakhulu. Le mikhuba yabathengi iphushisa abakhiqizi bezimoto ukuba bafake ama-module wekhamera amaningi ezimotweni zabo, ikhuthaza ukukhula kwesidingo.
2. Isimo Samanje Semakethe Sama-Module Wezithombe Zezimoto
2.1 Usayizi Wemakethe Nokukhula Kwemigudu
Imaketheka yezimoto zomhlaba wonke ibona ukukhula okuqinile. Ngokusho kweStatista, usayizi wemakethe wawubalwa cishe ku-15.2 billion ngo-2023 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ufinyelele ku-42.8 billion ngo-2030, ukhula ngama-CAGR angu-16.1% phakathi nesikhathi sokubikezela. I-Asia-Pacific ibusa emakethe, ibamba ngaphezu kuka-50% wezidingo zomhlaba wonke, iqhutshwa izisekelo zokukhiqiza izimoto ezinkulu eChina, eJapan, naseNingizimu Korea. I-China, ikakhulukazi, iyimakethe ebalulekile ngenxa yesigaba sayo esikhula ngokushesha sezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi (EV) kanye nezinhlelo zokusekela zikamasipala zokuhamba okuhlakaniphile. INingizimu Melika neYurophu nazo ziyimakethe ezibalulekile, ziqhutshwa ukufakwa okuphezulu kwe-ADAS kanye nokwamukelwa kwangaphambili kwezobuchwepheshe bokushayela okuzenzakalelayo.
2.2 Abadlali Abakhulu Emakethe Nezimo Zokuncintisana
Imaketheka ibhizinisi elinokuncintisana kakhulu, elihlanganisa abakhiqizi bezinto zikagesi abaqinile kanye nabahlinzeki bezingxenye zezimoto ezikhethekile. Abadlali abahamba phambili bahlanganisa iSony, iOmniVision Technologies, iSamsung Electro-Mechanics, iLG Innotek, kanye neSunny Optical Technology. I-Sony, eyayiyisunguli emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe bezithombe, ibusa isigaba semojula yekhamera esiphezulu, ihlinzeka ngama-sensors kumakampani ezimoto amakhulu afana neTesla. I-OmniVision igxile ezixazululweni ezisebenzayo zezimoto eziphakathi, kanti iLG Innotek ikhangwa ekwakhiweni kwemojula nasekuhlanganiseni. Lezi zinkampani zitshala imali enkulu kwi-R&D ukuze zithuthukise ama-mojula ekhamera amancane, aqinile, futhi anemifanekiso ecacile kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ubudlelwano phakathi kwamakampani ezimoto nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe bujwayelekile—isibonelo, ukubambisana kweMercedes-Benz neMobileye kumasistimu ekhamera ye-ADAS—okwandisa ukuncintisana nokusheshisa ubuchwepheshe.
2.3 Ukuhluka Kwendawo Ekufuneni
Imfuneko yemamojula amakhamera ezimoto ihluka ngendawo ngenxa yokwehluka kwemvelo yokulawula, izintandokazi zabathengi, kanye nezitayela zokukhiqiza ezimoto. E-Europe, imithetho eqinile yokuphepha kanye nokwazisa okuphezulu kwabathengi ukukhokha ngezici ze-ADAS kukhuthaza imfuneko yemamojula amakhamera aphezulu, kugxilwe ekwenzeni kahle kwe-HD nasekusebenzeni kahle ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi. ENorth America, kubonakala imfuneko eqinile yamakhamera ahlobene nokushayela okuzenzakalelayo, asekelwa ukutshalwa kwezimali okuvela ezinkampanini ezinkulu zobuchwepheshe kanye nezivivinyo zokulawula ezithokozisayo. E-Asia-Pacific, ukuvuselelwa kwe-EV eChina kuyisizathu esiyinhloko—abakhiqizi be-EV abafana ne-BYD ne-NIO bafaka imojula eminingi yamakhamera ezimotweni zabo ukuze banikeze izici eziphambili ezihlakaniphile. E-Japan naseNingizimu Korea, lapho kunezinkampani ezinkulu zokukhiqiza ezimoto ezifana ne-Toyota ne-Hyundai, kugxilwe kumamojula amakhamera athembekile, aphezulu kwekhwalithi kokubili emakethe yasekhaya nasezokuthumela. Imakethe ezovela e-Latin America nase-Afrika ibona ukukhula okuncane, okuhlinzekwa ukukhula kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto kanye nokwamukelwa kwezici eziyisisekelo ze-ADAS.
3. Ukuthuthuka Kwezobuchwepheshe Okubumba Ukuthuthukiswa Kwezimoduli Zekhamera
3.1 Ukucaciswa Okuphezulu Nokucaciswa Okuphezulu Kakhulu
Njengoba ama-ADAS kanye nezinhlelo zokushayela ezizimele zidinga idatha yemvelo enembile, amamojula wekhamera ayahamba phambili ekwandiseni isixazululo. Amamojula ajwayelekile angu-1MP kuya ku-2MP ashintshwa ngama-5MP, ama-8MP, futhi ngisho nama-12MP HD amamojula, avumela ukutholwa kwezinto okungcono ezikude. Isibonelo, amamojula wekhamera abheke phambili angu-8MP angathola izinto ezincane ezifana nabahamba ngezinyawo noma udoti kusuka ngaphezu kwemitha engu-100 kude, enikeza izinhlelo ezizimele isikhathi esithe xaxa sokuphendula. Amamojula e-ultra-high-definition (UHD) (16MP naphezulu) nawo athuthukiswa ukuze abe ne-L4/L5 AVs, lapho imininingwane ye-pixel ibalulekile ekuhambeni nasekuphepheni.
3.2 Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-AI ne-Machine Learning
Ama-module wekhamera aphakanyisiwe nge-AI asebenza kakhulu, enza izici advanced ezifana nokuhlukaniswa kwezinto ngesikhathi sangempela, ukus segmentation kwemibhalo, kanye nokuhlaziywa kokubikezela. Ama-algorithms okufunda ngomshini angahlukanisa phakathi kwabagibeli, abakhweli bezithuthuthu, nezimoto, futhi angabikezela nezindlela zabo zokuhamba—okwandisa ukusebenza kwe-AEB kanye ne-LKA systems. Izinhlelo ze-DMS zisebenzisa i-AI ukuhlaziya ukubonakaliswa kobuso bomshayeli kanye nezinyathelo zamehlo, zibazisa ngokukhathala noma ukuphazamiseka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-AI ivumela ama-module wekhamera ukuthi azivumelanise nezimo zemvelo ezishintshashintshayo, ezifana nezimvula, umoya, noma ukukhanya okuphansi, ngokulungisa izinga lokukhanya kanye nezilungiselelo zokucubungula izithombe. Le ngxube ye-AI ayithuthukisi kuphela ukuphepha kodwa futhi ivumela okuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi okwenziwe ngokwezifiso.
3.3 Ukunciphisa Usayizi Nokuhlala Kuhle
Amamojula emakhamera ezimoto kumele afaneleke ezindaweni ezincane (isb. izibuko zokuqapha, ama-bumper, ama-windshield) ngenkathi ehlangabezana nezimo zokusebenza ezinzima—ukushisa okukhulu, ukuhuzuka, uthuli, nokunisela. Abakhiqizi bagxile ekunciphiseni, bethuthukisa amamojula amancane anama-sensor nezibuko ezincane ngaphandle kokwehlisa ukusebenza. Isibonelo, i-Sony IMX728 sensor, eyenzelwe izinhlelo zokusebenza zezimoto, inefomethi encane (1/1.7-inch) ngenkathi inikeza isixazululo se-8MP. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe bezinto ikhiqize amamojula emakhamera aqinile, anemigomo yokungangeni kwamanzi nokungangeni kuthuli (IP67/IP68) kanye nokumelana nezinga lokushisa elivela ku -40°C kuya ku 85°C. Lezi zinguquko zenza amamojula emakhamera afaneleke ezimotweni ezihlukahlukene nasezindaweni zokusebenza.
3.4 Imodyuli yeKhamera yeMultispectral nezeMisebenzi Ezikhethekile
Ngaphandle kwemojula yekhamera yokukhanya okubonakalayo, imojula ezikhethekile ziya zanda ukuthandwa. Imojula yekhamera ye-infrared (IR), isibonelo, ivumela ukubona ebusuku nokuthola ukukhanya okuphansi, okubalulekile kumasistimu e-ADAS asebenza ezimeni ezimnyama. Imojula yekhamera yokufaka izithombe ze-thermal ingathola izimpawu zokushisa, ukusiza ekutholeni abantu noma izilwane ebumnyameni obugcwele. Imojula yekhamera ye-multispectral, ethatha idatha evela ezindaweni eziningi ze-spectral, iyahlolwa ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuhlola isimo sephansi yomgwaqo (isb. ukuthola iqhwa noma amanzi) kanye nezokuhlola izimoto. Lezi zimojula ezikhethekile zisasezingeni lokuqala lokwamukelwa kodwa kulindeleke ukuthi zikhule ekufuneni njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokushayela obuzimele buqhubeka.
4. Izinselelo Nezikhala Emakethe
4.1 Ukuphazamiseka Kwezokuhlinzeka Nezinqwaba Zezingxenye
Umjikelezo wokuhlinzeka ngama-module wekhamera yezimoto ubuthakathaka ekuphazamisekeni, ikakhulukazi ekutholakaleni kwezinto ezibalulekile ezifana nezithombe, ama-lenses, kanye nama-microcontrollers. Ukushoda kwe-semiconductor emhlabeni, okuqale ngo-2020, kube nomthelela omkhulu ekukhiqizeni ama-module wekhamera, kuholele ekubambezelekeni kokukhiqizwa kwezimoto. Izithombe, ikakhulukazi, zidingeka kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi (izinto zokusetshenziswa zabathengi, ezempilo, ezimoto), kudala ukuncintisana kokuhlinzeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukukhiqizwa kwama-lenses aphezulu kudinga ukukhiqizwa okunembile, okugxile ezweni elilodwa (isb. eJapane, eJalimane), okwandisa kakhulu izingozi zomjikelezo wokuhlinzeka. Abakhiqizi baphendula ngokwandisa isisekelo sabahlinzeki babo futhi batshala imali ekukhiqizeni izingxenye ezisemakhaya, kodwa lezi zindlela zithatha isikhathi ukuze ziveze imiphumela.
4.2 Ucindezelo Lwezindleko Nokwazisa Ngentengo
Ngenkathi isidingo semamojula yekhamera sikhula, abakhiqizi bezimoto baphansi kwengcindezi yokulawula izindleko, ikakhulukazi ezimotweni eziphakathi nendawo nasezinqolobaneni ezingenayo. Imamojula yekhamera enezinga eliphezulu lokuxilonga kanye nezinhlelo ezikhethekile (isb., IR, multispectral) zibhakabhaka kakhulu, okwenza kube nzima ukufinyelela kuzo ezimotweni ezinezindleko eziphansi. Isibonelo, imojula yekhamera ye-8MP HD ingabiza izikhathi ezi-2–3 ngaphezulu kwemojula ye-2MP. Le mprice sensitivity iyisithiyo ekwamukelweni kabanzi, ikakhulukazi ezimakethe ezikhulayo lapho abathengi begxila ekuthengeni okungabizi kunokusebenza okuhle. Abakhiqizi basebenza ukunciphisa izindleko ngokusebenzisa izinzuzo zokukhiqiza ezinkulu kanye nezinguquko zobuchwepheshe (isb., ama-sensors wezithombe aphansi, imiklamo yemojula elula), kodwa ukuhlela izindleko nokusebenza kuseyinselele.
4.3 Izithiyo Zobuchwepheshe Nezomthetho
Ukuthuthukiswa nokwethulwa kwemamojula yekhamera ethuthukisiwe kubhekene nezinselelo zobuchwepheshe nezokulawulwa. Kuma-sistimu okushayela ngokuzimela, imojula yekhamera kumele ihlangabezane nezinga eliqinile lokuthembeka nezokuphepha, njengoba ukuwa kungaholela ezinhlekweni. Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuqhubekayo ezimweni ezahlukene zemvelo (isb. ukukhanya kwelanga, imvula enamandla) kuyinselelo yobuchwepheshe. Izinhlelo zokulawula ezisekelwe kumakhamera zisakhula, futhi umehluko ezingeni phakathi kwezindawo udala izinselelo zokuhambisana kubakhiqizi bomhlaba wonke. Isibonelo, imithetho yokuvikela idatha (isb. i-GDPR eYurophu) ivimbela ukusetshenziswa kwemamojula yekhamera ngaphakathi kwemoto ukuze kuhlolwe abagibeli, okunciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwezici ezithile. Ukubhekana nalezi zinkinga kudinga ukubambisana phakathi kwabakhi, abalawuli, nezinkampani zobuchwepheshe ukuze kuqinisekiswe izinga elihlangene nezindlela ezinhle.
5. Ukubheka Phambili: Amathuba Emaphusheni
5.1 Ukukhula Kwamathuluzi Kagesi (EVs)
Ukushintsha komhlaba kuya kuma-EV kulindeleke ukuthi kukhuphule isidingo samamojula wekhamera. Ama-EV ngokwemvelo axhumene kakhulu futhi anobuhlakani kunezimoto ezijwayelekile ezisebenzisa umshini wokushisa (ICE), lapho abakhiqizi bezimoto behlanganisa izici advanced ADAS nezobuhlakani ukuze bahlukanise imikhiqizo yabo. Isibonelo, iTesla Model 3 neModel Y ziza nezinga elijwayelekile lamamojula amaningi wekhamera ukuze zisebenze nge-Autopilot, kanti umkhiqizi we-EV waseShayina uXpeng unikeza uhlelo lwekhamera lwe-360-degree kanye ne-DMS njengamaphuzu abalulekile okuthengisa. Njengoba ukuthengiswa kwe-EV kuqhubeka nokukhula—kulindeleke ukuthi kube neze 50% yokuthengiswa kwemoto emisha emhlabeni jikelele ngonyaka ka-2035, ngokusho kwe-International Energy Agency (IEA)—isidingo samamojula wekhamera ezimotweni sizokhula ngokuhambisana.
5.2 Intuthuko kuZihambeli Ezingazenzisi
Ukushintsha kuya ezingeni eliphezulu lokuzimela (L3 kuya ku-L5) kuzoba umgibeli omkhulu wokukhula. Izimoto ezizimele ze-L3, ezivele zisetshenziswa kwezinye izindawo (isb., ukuvunywa kweMercedes-Benz’s Drive Pilot eJalimane), zidinga amamojula amakhamera aphambili kunezinhlelo ze-L2. Izimoto ze-L4 ne-L5, ezilindeleke ukuba zingezelele emsebenzini wezohwebo eminyakeni ezayo engu-5–10, zizothembele enethwekhi eqinile yamamojula amakhamera, kuhlanganise ne-HD, IR, kanye ne-multispectral variants, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokwethembeka. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe be-“sensor fusion”—okuhlanganisa idatha evela kumakhamera, i-LiDAR, kanye ne-radar—kuzosiza ekwandiseni ukubaluleka kwamamojula amakhamera njengengxenye ebalulekile yezinhlelo zokubona ezizimele.
5.3 Izindawo Ezintsha Zokufaka Isicelo
Ngaphandle kwe-ADAS nokushayela okuzenzakalelayo, ama-module wekhamera athola izinhlelo ezintsha embonini yezimoto. Ama-module wekhamera angaphakathi emotweni asetshenziswa ngezinsizakalo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, njengokulungisa izikhundla zezihlalo nokulawula isimo sezulu ngokusekelwe ekuqaphelweni kobuso. Futhi ahlanganiswa nezinhlelo zokuphepha zezimoto ukuze kutholakale ukuhweba noma ukuhlinzwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-module wekhamera asetshenziswa ekuphathweni kwezimoto, evumela izinkampani zokuhamba ukuba ziqaphe ukuziphatha kwabashayeli nezimo zezimoto ngesikhathi sangempela. Lezi zinhlelo ezintsha zandisa imakethe engathintwa ngama-module wekhamera futhi zakha amathuba kubakhiqizi ukuze bahlukanise imikhiqizo yabo.
5.4 Ukuqhubeka Nokuphila Nokuphindaphinda Umnotho
Ukuphila kahle sekuyinto ebalulekile embonini yezimoto, futhi abakhiqizi bezingxenye zamakhamera baphenya ngezindlela zokunciphisa umthelela wabo emvelweni. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukusebenzisa izinto eziphinde zisetshenziswe ezakhiweni zezingxenye, ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ekukhiqizeni, nokwakha izingxenye ukuze kube lula ukuzenza ziphinde zisetshenziswe. Isibonelo, iSamsung Electro-Mechanics ithuthukise ingxenye yekhamera enezakhiwo zeplastiki eziphinde zisetshenziswe, yehlisa umthelela wayo wekhabhoni ngo-15%. Njengoba abakhiqizi bezimoto nabathengi bephakamisa kakhulu ukuphila kahle, abakhiqizi bezingxenye zamakhamera abamukela izindlela ezilungile zemvelo bazothola ithuba lokuncintisana.
Isiphetho
Imfuneko yemamojula yekhamera embonini yezimoto iqhutshwa ukuhlanganiswa kwezinto: ukusabalala kwe-ADAS, ukugcizelela ukuhamba okuzenzakalelayo, imithetho eqinile yokuphepha, kanye nokwanda kwemfuneko yabathengi bezimoto ezihlakaniphile. Imakethe ibona ukukhula okuqinile, i-Asia-Pacific ihola phambili, futhi ibonakaliswa ukuncintisana okuqinile kanye nokushintsha kwezobuchwepheshe okusheshayo. Nakuba kunezinkinga ezifana nokuphazamiseka kokuhlinzekwa, uk pressure kwezindleko, kanye nezithiyo zomthetho, ukubheka kwangomso kukhanya, nezinsiza zikhula ngenxa kokwenyuka kwe-EVs, ukuthuthuka kokuzimela, izindawo zokusebenza ezintsha, kanye nokugxila ekusimameni. Njengoba imboni yezimoto iqhubeka nokuguquka, imojula yekhamera izohlala iyingxenye ebalulekile, ibumba ikusasa lokuphepha kwemoto, ukusebenza, kanye nesipiliyoni somsebenzisi. Kubantu abenza ibhizinisi kule ndawo, ukuhamba phambili kwezitayela zobuchwepheshe nokubhekana nezinselelo zemakethe kuzoba yisihluthulelo sokuthola amathuba okukhula eminyakeni ezayo.
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