Iyunithi yokucubungula isignali yekhamera yesithombe esishisayo

Kuhlelo lokusebenza lwesithombe esishisayo ikhamera, iyunithi yokucubungula isignali isebenza njengobuchopho, idlala indima emaphakathi. Ibophezelekile kakhulu ochungechungeni lwezinqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi kumasiginali aluhlaza atholwe kunzwa ye-infrared, iwaguqulele kudatha yesithombe esishisayo ebonisa ngokunembile ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa kwezinto. Lokhu kunikeza isisekelo esiqinile sokuboniswa kwesithombe esilandelayo, ukuhlaziya, nokusebenzisa.

Ngemuva kokukhishwa kwemisebe ye-infrared izinto, inzwa ye-infrared ikhiqiza amasignali kagesi abuthakathaka. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile ziba buthaka kakhulu futhi zixutshwe nomsindo omkhulu, okwenza kube nzima kuzo ngokuqondile. Iyunithi yokucubungula isignali iqala ngokuqoqa lawa masignali angahluziwe futhi iwakhulise nge-amplifier ukuze ilethe amandla esignali ezingeni elingacutshungulwa. Lokhu kufana nokwengeza isipikha emsindweni omncane, okuvumela "abalaleli" abalandelayo ukuthi "bazwe" okuqukethwe kwesignali ngokucacile.

ethonyeni lenzwa kanye nenqubo yokudlulisela, imisindo ehlukahlukene, njengomsindo oshisayo nomsindo wokuphazamiseka kagesi, ixubana ngokungenakugwenywa kumasiginali aluhlaza. Le misindo ingaba nencazelo enembile yesiginali yangempela futhi ithinte ikhwalithi yesithombe esishisayo. Iyunithi yokucubungula isignali izosebenzisa amasu ahlukahlukene okuhlunga, njengokuhlunga kwephasi eliphansi kanye nokuhlunga ibhande, ukususa amasignali omsindo nokugcina amasignali angempela nasebenzayo. Ukuhlunga okuphansi kungasusa umsindo we-high-frequency, okwenza isignali ibe bushelelezi; ukuhlunga kwe-band-pass kungahlola amasignali ngaphakathi kwebanga elithile lefrikhwensi, ngaphandle kokunye ukuphazamiseka kwemvamisa, njengokusebenzisa isihlungi ukususa ukungcola, okwenza isignali ibe msulwa kakhulu.

Ngemva kokukhulisa nokuhlunga, amasignali e-analog adinga ukushintshwa abe amasignali edijithali ukuze acutshungulwe ngamakhompyutha kanye namasekhethi alandelayo okucubungula idijithali. Isiguquli se-analog-to-d (ADC) kuyunithi yokucubungula isignali yenza lo msebenzi obalulekile. Iguqula isignali ye-analogi eshintshashintshayo ibe isignali yedijithali esobala, emele amandla esignali ngendlela yekhodi kanambambili. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuvumela isignali ukuthi icutshungulwe ngokunembe kakhudlwana nangempumelelo ohlelweni lwedijithali, ibeka isisekelo sama-algorithms ayinkimbinkimbi alandelayo nokuhlaziya.

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ikhwalithi nokunemba kwezithombe zokuthwebula ezishisayo, iyunithi yokucubungula isignali izokwenza imisebenzi yokuthuthukisa nokulungisa isithombe. Ngokusebenzisa ama-algorithms okuthuthukisa ukuqhathanisa, phakathi kwezifunda ezihlukene zezinga lokushisa esithombeni kuyenyuka, okwenza umehluko wezinga lokushisa ubonakale kakhudlwana futhi kube lula ukuwubona nokuhlaziya. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isithombe silungiselelwa-ukufana, kunxephezela umehluko wokukhanya esithombeni okubangelwa ukusabela okungahambisani kwamaphikseli enzwa, okuqinisekisa ukuthi ukukalwa kwezinga lokushisa kwephikseli ngayinye esithombeni kunembile futhi kuyahambisana. Le misebenzi ifana "nokwenza kahle" kanye "nokulinganisa" isithombe esishisayo, okwenza isithombe sibe sobala futhi ngokunembe kakhulu ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa kwento.

Kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ze-imaging ezishisayo, kuyadingeka ukuthola inani elithile lokushisa lento. Iyunithi yokucubungula izoguqula isignali ecutshunguliwe ibe yinani langempela lokushisa ngokuya nezici zenzwa kanye nedatha yokulinganisa, futhi iyichasise esithombeni. Ngemodeli yokubala izinga lokushisa, kuhlanganiswe nemingcele eyaziwayo yezemvelo kanye nejika lokuphendula lenzwa, izinga lokushisa elihambisana nephoyinti lephikseli ngalinye libalwa ngokunembile, linikeza abasebenzisi ulwazi lobuningi ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo eziqinile zokulinganisa izinga lokushisa zokuhlolwa kwemboni, ukuxilongwa kwezokwelapha, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.