Analysis of Camera Module Lenses

The lens in a camera module is a critical component that focuses onto the image sensor. Understanding the structure and function of the lens is essential for selecting the appropriate camera module. Below is a detailed analysis of camera module lenses:

1. Basic Function of the Lens

The primary function of the lens is to focus the light emitted or reflected by objects onto the image sensor. This step is fundamental converting the light signal into an electrical signal. The quality of the lens directly affects the clarity, color accuracy, and overall imaging performance of the final image.

2. Lens Composition

Lenses are typically composed of several lens elements, which can be made of glass or plastic. Common lens combinations include:

1P: 1 lens

2P: 2 plastic lenses

1G1P: 1 glass lens 1 plastic lens

1G2P: 1 glass 2 plastic lenses

2G2P: 2 glass lenses 2 plastic lenses

4G: 4 glass lenses

The number and of the lens elements affect the cost and performance of the lens. Generally, glass lenses are more expensive than plastic lenses but offer better imaging quality.

3.Lens

Glass Lenses (GLASS): Offer better light transmission and lower dispersion, suitable for high-end applications.

Plastic Lenses (PLASTIC): Lower, but with poorer light transmission and durability.

4.Lens Design Parameters

Focal Length: Determines the field of view and depth of field. Shorter focal offer wider fields of view; longer focal lengths offer narrower fields of view.

Field of View (FOV): Represents the range of the scene that the lens can. Shorter focal lengths offer wider fields of view; longer focal lengths offer narrower fields of view.

F-Number (Aperture): Indicates the size of the; a smaller F-number means a larger aperture and more light entering the lens, which is suitable for low-light conditions.

Aperture: Controls the amount of light the lens by adjusting the size of the aperture to control exposure.

Depth of Field: When an object is in focus, the range from the object to the background remains in focus.

5.Lens Performance Indicators

Flare Reduction: Minimizes stray light within the lens to improve image contrast and clarity.

Image Sharp: Ensures the image remains clear under various lighting conditions.

CRA (Chief Ray Angle): The main ray angle needs to match the CRA of the image sensor reduce shadows.

Aperture Size: A larger aperture allows more light to enter, which is suitable for low-light conditions.

Distortion: Minimizes lens distortion maintain the geometric accuracy of the image.

6.Lens Applications

Different applications have different requirements for lenses:

Smartphones: Emphasize high resolution, fast autofocus and good low-light performance.

Surveillance: Focus on night vision capability, wide-angle views, and long-term stability.

Autonomous Vehicles: Require high dynamic range fast response times, and accurate distance measurement.

7.Lens Manufacturing Process

Adhesive Structure: The connection between the lens and the PCB is typically achieved through an structure. Traditional dotting processes are inefficient and offer poor connection strength and stability. New adhesive technologies use energy transfer media (such as infrared or ultraviolet light) improve efficiency and stability.

Conclusion

Selecting the appropriate camera module lens requires a comprehensive consideration of various factors, including lens material, design parameters, performance indicators, and application scenarios A high-quality lens can significantly enhance the overall performance of the camera module, ensuring clear and stable images under various conditions.